Trichoderma harzianum, effective solution to soil-borne diseases
Trichoderma harzianum is a kind of microorganism widely existing in nature, and it is a kind of biocontrol bacteria. It can be used to prevent plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Pythium, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium, Rhizopus nigricans, Cylindrosporium sclerotiorum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, etc. Strong ability to control diseases, combining the advantages of the two through cell fusion technology, so as to have powdery mildew, rust, smut and sheath blight caused by wheat, corn, rice, melon crops, etc. Better prevention effect. It can also enhance the growth and disease resistance of plants, and increase the yield and profit of crops.
Hyperparasitism of Trichoderma harzianum
Heavy parasitism refers to the complex process of a series of successive steps of identifying, contacting, winding, penetrating and parasitizing pathogens. During the interaction between Trichoderma and pathogenic bacteria, the host hyphae secrete some substances to make Trichoderma tend to grow to the host fungus. Once the host is recognized by the Trichoderma parasite, a parasitic relationship is established. After Trichoderma recognizes the host fungus, the Trichoderma hyphae grows along the host hyphae in parallel and spirally, and produces attached cell-like branches to adsorb on the host hyphae, dissolves the cell wall by secreting extracellular enzymes, and penetrates the host hyphae. Absorb nutrients to kill pathogenic bacteria.
Antibiotic action of Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianum can secrete a part of antibiotics, which can inhibit the growth and colonization of pathogenic bacteria and reduce the harm of pathogenic bacteria.
Controlling objects of Trichoderma harzianum
Rhizoctonia, damping-off disease, root rot and other fungal root diseases and gray mold and other leaf diseases.
Blight
Promote root growth
Trichoderma harzianum colonizes plant roots and produces compounds that stimulate plant growth and induce plant defense responses, improve the root microenvironment, enhance plant growth and disease resistance, and increase crop yield and profitability.
Trichoderma harzianum initiates plant defense response
Trichoderma harzianum can be metabolized to produce xylanase. Under the action of xylanase, plants have obvious defense reactions, K+, H+, Ca2+ ion channels are opened, ethylene is synthesized and PR protein is accumulated. Trichoderma harzianum produces chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase and plays an important role in resisting plant pathogenic fungi.
Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus with biological control function, can control a variety of plant pathogenic fungi: including stand blight, gray mold, root nematode, etc., we previously discussed that the main principle of Trichoderma can control these plant diseases is : Competitive effect, heavy parasitic effect, antibiotic effect, induced resistance effect. In fact, in addition to the biological control function, Trichoderma harzianum also has the function of promoting the growth of plant roots, so today we take a look at how Trichoderma harzianum promotes the growth of plant roots:
(1) Trichoderma harzianum can secrete plant hormones such as indole acetic acid and haziano lactone. These substances can promote the growth of plant roots and accelerate the division of plant cells to accelerate the growth of plant rhizomes.
(2) By secreting some small molecule proteins, these small molecule proteins can increase the development of plant root hairs or lateral roots.
(3) It can secrete some organic acid substances. The accumulation of these substances in the soil environment can change the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and make the soil slightly acidic. Under such slightly acidic environmental conditions, it can speed up the nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium fixed by the soil. The decomposition and release of the substance, so in a sense, Trichoderma harzianum also has the role of phosphorus and potassium.
(4) Trichoderma harzianum can improve the root environment of plants: Trichoderma harzianum has a strong colonization ability in the rhizosphere, and its nutrient mycelium can grow and extend along with the plant root system, which can effectively use the complex carbohydrates in the soil as a carbon source , Such as cellulose, lignin, xylan, etc. The mycelium grows quickly on the root surface and can expand as the root grows, while also providing richer nutrients for plant growth.
Trichoderma harzianum is a living microbial preparation with biological control function. If it is not used properly, it will not achieve the expected effect. Then let's take a look.
How should Trichoderma harzianum be used?
1. Mix Trichoderma harzianum into an organic fertilizer prepared from fermented straw materials, and use it with organic fertilizer: one ton of organic fertilizer can be mixed with 2-3 kg of Trichoderma harzianum. The organic fertilizer of straw is Trichoderma harzianum In order to survive, Trichoderma harzianum can decompose and use straw fiber. In this way, the survival rate of Trichoderma harzianum in the soil is relatively high, and the conditions are suitable. Trichoderma harzianum can also grow and reproduce in the soil, and the number increases. This can simultaneously improve the fertilizer efficiency (root promotion effect) and biological control function of Trichoderma harzianum.
2. Seed dressing when the seeds germinate: Trichoderma harzianum can be diluted with water 100 times to irrigate the seeds together with the carrier, which can improve the teething rate and the growth quality of the seeds. This allows Trichoderma harzianum to be planted in the plant rhizosphere in advance.
3. Dip the roots before transplanting: Put the roots of the seedlings into the 100-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum for 12-24h before transplanting to allow Trichoderma harzianum to colonize the roots of the plant, which can also improve the survival rate of transplanting and accelerate the root system of seedlings Grow.
4. Root irrigation or foliar spray can be applied: For crops in the growing period, Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension diluted 100 times and water-soluble fertilizer can be used to spray the roots or foliar spray of the crop through the drip irrigation system at a suitable growth period. , 1-2 kg per acre of land, preferably applied once a month, the effect is more obvious, pot roots are mainly used to prevent underground soil-borne diseases, such as root-knot nematodes, promote root growth; foliar spray fertilizer is mainly used for bacteria, Diseases such as fungal infections, such as gray mold. Note: Trichoderma harzianum is a living microbial preparation, so it cannot be used with pesticides. After using Trichoderma harzianum, it cannot be disinfected with lime in the land, nor can it be used with high-concentration compound fertilizers at a time. These are all Trichoderma harzianum can be killed. The most suitable growth temperature of Trichoderma harzianum is 20-30 ℃, and the growth under high humidity is better.
5. After mastering this knowledge, after proper application of Trichoderma harzianum, the performance of Trichoderma harzianum on the crops is obvious, and the growth of the crops must be indistinguishable.
Hyperparasitism of Trichoderma harzianum
Heavy parasitism refers to the complex process of a series of successive steps of identifying, contacting, winding, penetrating and parasitizing pathogens. During the interaction between Trichoderma and pathogenic bacteria, the host hyphae secrete some substances to make Trichoderma tend to grow to the host fungus. Once the host is recognized by the Trichoderma parasite, a parasitic relationship is established. After Trichoderma recognizes the host fungus, the Trichoderma hyphae grows along the host hyphae in parallel and spirally, and produces attached cell-like branches to adsorb on the host hyphae, dissolves the cell wall by secreting extracellular enzymes, and penetrates the host hyphae. Absorb nutrients to kill pathogenic bacteria.
Antibiotic action of Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianum can secrete a part of antibiotics, which can inhibit the growth and colonization of pathogenic bacteria and reduce the harm of pathogenic bacteria.
Controlling objects of Trichoderma harzianum
Rhizoctonia, damping-off disease, root rot and other fungal root diseases and gray mold and other leaf diseases.
Blight
Promote root growth
Trichoderma harzianum colonizes plant roots and produces compounds that stimulate plant growth and induce plant defense responses, improve the root microenvironment, enhance plant growth and disease resistance, and increase crop yield and profitability.
Trichoderma harzianum initiates plant defense response
Trichoderma harzianum can be metabolized to produce xylanase. Under the action of xylanase, plants have obvious defense reactions, K+, H+, Ca2+ ion channels are opened, ethylene is synthesized and PR protein is accumulated. Trichoderma harzianum produces chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase and plays an important role in resisting plant pathogenic fungi.
Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus with biological control function, can control a variety of plant pathogenic fungi: including stand blight, gray mold, root nematode, etc., we previously discussed that the main principle of Trichoderma can control these plant diseases is : Competitive effect, heavy parasitic effect, antibiotic effect, induced resistance effect. In fact, in addition to the biological control function, Trichoderma harzianum also has the function of promoting the growth of plant roots, so today we take a look at how Trichoderma harzianum promotes the growth of plant roots:
(1) Trichoderma harzianum can secrete plant hormones such as indole acetic acid and haziano lactone. These substances can promote the growth of plant roots and accelerate the division of plant cells to accelerate the growth of plant rhizomes.
(2) By secreting some small molecule proteins, these small molecule proteins can increase the development of plant root hairs or lateral roots.
(3) It can secrete some organic acid substances. The accumulation of these substances in the soil environment can change the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and make the soil slightly acidic. Under such slightly acidic environmental conditions, it can speed up the nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium fixed by the soil. The decomposition and release of the substance, so in a sense, Trichoderma harzianum also has the role of phosphorus and potassium.
(4) Trichoderma harzianum can improve the root environment of plants: Trichoderma harzianum has a strong colonization ability in the rhizosphere, and its nutrient mycelium can grow and extend along with the plant root system, which can effectively use the complex carbohydrates in the soil as a carbon source , Such as cellulose, lignin, xylan, etc. The mycelium grows quickly on the root surface and can expand as the root grows, while also providing richer nutrients for plant growth.
Trichoderma harzianum is a living microbial preparation with biological control function. If it is not used properly, it will not achieve the expected effect. Then let's take a look.
How should Trichoderma harzianum be used?
1. Mix Trichoderma harzianum into an organic fertilizer prepared from fermented straw materials, and use it with organic fertilizer: one ton of organic fertilizer can be mixed with 2-3 kg of Trichoderma harzianum. The organic fertilizer of straw is Trichoderma harzianum In order to survive, Trichoderma harzianum can decompose and use straw fiber. In this way, the survival rate of Trichoderma harzianum in the soil is relatively high, and the conditions are suitable. Trichoderma harzianum can also grow and reproduce in the soil, and the number increases. This can simultaneously improve the fertilizer efficiency (root promotion effect) and biological control function of Trichoderma harzianum.
2. Seed dressing when the seeds germinate: Trichoderma harzianum can be diluted with water 100 times to irrigate the seeds together with the carrier, which can improve the teething rate and the growth quality of the seeds. This allows Trichoderma harzianum to be planted in the plant rhizosphere in advance.
3. Dip the roots before transplanting: Put the roots of the seedlings into the 100-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum for 12-24h before transplanting to allow Trichoderma harzianum to colonize the roots of the plant, which can also improve the survival rate of transplanting and accelerate the root system of seedlings Grow.
4. Root irrigation or foliar spray can be applied: For crops in the growing period, Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension diluted 100 times and water-soluble fertilizer can be used to spray the roots or foliar spray of the crop through the drip irrigation system at a suitable growth period. , 1-2 kg per acre of land, preferably applied once a month, the effect is more obvious, pot roots are mainly used to prevent underground soil-borne diseases, such as root-knot nematodes, promote root growth; foliar spray fertilizer is mainly used for bacteria, Diseases such as fungal infections, such as gray mold. Note: Trichoderma harzianum is a living microbial preparation, so it cannot be used with pesticides. After using Trichoderma harzianum, it cannot be disinfected with lime in the land, nor can it be used with high-concentration compound fertilizers at a time. These are all Trichoderma harzianum can be killed. The most suitable growth temperature of Trichoderma harzianum is 20-30 ℃, and the growth under high humidity is better.
5. After mastering this knowledge, after proper application of Trichoderma harzianum, the performance of Trichoderma harzianum on the crops is obvious, and the growth of the crops must be indistinguishable.
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